EACS2023: 626 Potential post treatment HIV controllers have a lower burden of comorbidities and of non-antiretroviral co-medications M. Ferrara , G. Trevisan , T. Roatta , S. Fantino , V. Maccario , M. Tettoni , G. Di Perri , A. Calcagno , S. Bonora Unit of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, Torino, Italy General data Abstract category: Antiretroviral therapy – observational studies Abstract body Purpose: Post-treatment controllers (PTCs) are HIV-infected individuals able to spontaneously control the infection despite antiretroviral therapy (ART) interruption. An association between PTCs and primary HIV infection (PHI) was found due to an early treatment initiation in PHI compared to chronic infection (CHI). Aim of our study was to compare characteristics of people living with HIV (PLWH) with PHI to PLWH with CHI to establish a criterion for identifying potential PTCs. Method: In this monocentric cross-sectional study, we included adult PLWH with PHI and CHI matched according to age, sex, ART duration. We collected immunovirological parameters and comorbidities. We analysed the two groups using MannWhitney and Chi-squared test, as appropriate. Results: 65 PHI and 64 CHI were included. Immunovirological and demographic characteristics of study population are reported in Table 1. No differences were observed in age, sex and ART duration between the groups. In PHI group, higher HIV-RNA zenith (p<0.001) and lower CD4 cell count (p=0.033) was found compared to CHI group. There was no significant difference in number of ART switch, virological undetectability, prevalence of dual therapy, CD4 count and CD4/CD8 ratio at the last observation. CHI showed to have a higher burden of comorbidities (p=0.001), including hypertension (p=0.012), psychiatric diseases (p=0.025), multimorbidity (p=0.038). PHI were significantly less affected by polypharmacy (p=0.049). Table 1. Immunovirological and demographic characteristics of study population (n=129) PHI (n=65) CHI (n=64) P value Age (years) median (IQR) 48 (43-54) 50 (47-55) 0.657 Sex (female) n (%) 10 (15.4) 9 (14) 0.832 ART exposure (years) median (IQR) 7.5 (7.0-8.1) 8.1 (7.5-8.7) 0.175 HIV-RNA zenith (copies/mL) median (IQR) 1413476 (139856-10000000) 52468 (20436-113689) <0.001 ART switch n (%) 0 = 0 1= 6 (9) 2= 22 (34) 3= 21 (32) 4= 11 (17) 5= 5 (8) 6= 0 7= 0 0= 1 (1.5) 1= 9 (14) 2= 25 (39) 3= 19 (30) 4= 7 (11) 5= 2 (3) 6= 0 7= 1 (1.5) 0.536 Virological undetectability n (%) 29 (44.6) 33 (57.8) 0.057 Dual therapy at last observation n (%) 37 (57) 29 (45) 0.187 Baseline CD4+ (cell/µL) median (IQR) 478 (420-535) 554 (499-608) 0.033 Baseline CD4/CD8 median (IQR) 0.7 (0.5-0.9) 0.7 (0.6-0.8) 0.115 Conclusions: Despite several limitations (including a small sample size), the findings of this study identified clinical differences between PHI and CHI. The significantly lower prevalence of comorbidities in participants in the PHI group is a novel finding that may be explained by a lower level of systemic inflammation and/or a lower HIV reservoires in body tissues. Since no differences were observed in routine immunological and virological biomarkers the identification of potential PCTs requires additional biomarkers (as intact HIV-DNA, HLA phenotypes and immune-activation biomarkers). General conditions 1. I confirm that I previewed this abstract and that all information is correct. I accept that the content of this abstract cannot be modified or corrected after the submission deadline and I am aware that it will be published exactly as submitted.: Yes 2. I confirm that the submission of the abstract constitutes my consent to publication (e.g. conference website, programmes, other promotions, etc.). : Yes 3. I herewith confirm that the contact details saved in this system are those of the corresponding author, who will be notified about the status of the abstract. The corresponding author is responsible for informing the other authors about the status of the abstract.: Yes 4. I agree that all data provided may be used (saved, stored, processed, transmitted and deleted) in compliance with the privacy policy to provide the services described.: Yes 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 140 19TH EUROPEAN AIDS CONFERENCE | WARSAW 2023
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